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What are Flutter widgets and how do they work?

In Flutter, everything is a widget. Widgets are the building blocks of a Flutter app’s user interface. They can be stateful (maintaining state) or stateless (not maintaining state).

Widgets work by composing small components into larger ones, allowing for a declarative UI approach:

  1. Stateless Widgets: Do not change over time. Example: Text, Icon.
  2. Stateful Widgets: Maintain state. Example: Checkbox, Slider.

Here’s a simple example of a Stateless widget:

class MyStatelessWidget extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Text('Hello, Flutter!');
  }
}